The Proper Use and Maintenance of Small - scale Agricultural Water

Water pump is an indispensable agricultural machinery in agricultural production, in the drought and waterlogging, irrigated farmland to ensure increased yield, play a major role. Small agricultural pumps because of low prices, economical and practical, easy to operate, and other advantages favored by the majority of farmers, annual sales growth. These small agricultural pumps in the course of the use, improper maintenance often have some failures, to varying degrees, the impact of agricultural production. Therefore, the correct installation, use, maintenance of agricultural pumps, to extend the life of the pump to ensure the normal agricultural production, is of great significance.

1 Proper installation

(1) Before installation to check whether the pump rotation is flexible, lubricating oil is sufficient.

(2) pump and the power distribution connection, to ensure that the concentricity of the two axes, up and down when the heart can be used to increase or decrease the gasket to adjust, around the heart can be corrected when the rack.

(3) After the two coupling docking to leave 2 ~ 3 mm gap, or because of vibration or disorientation caused by the top bad coupling and other mechanical accidents.

(4) pump inlet to be consistent with the wellhead, does not allow the pump port is greater than the wellhead, docking to tightly solid, can not leak.

(5) pumping river water, pond water to configure the deformation of the elbow and hose. Into the nozzle to install the filter to prevent debris into the pump causing blockage.

2 Proper use

(1) Each pump needs more power matching power, in the pump nameplate has a clear requirement. When selecting the power for the pump, follow the regulations on the nameplate. If you choose the supporting power is too small, there will be "small horse cart", the pump flow or overload of work, resulting in mechanical overheating and damage.

(2) start the new machine pumping, first wipe the pump shaft and other parts of the protective oil. Carefully check the impeller rotation is normal, pump shaft rotation is flexible, bearing clearance is appropriate to see the gasket between the pump body joint is broken, the connection is solid parts, water hose leaks, leaks and so on. If there are problems, should be repaired in time.

(3) pumps and power machinery to install a solid. In particular to achieve the parallel axis of the pump shaft and the power machine; installation belt, the belt should be noted that the loose side to increase the transmission work efficiency.

(4) with electric locomotives drive pump pumping, the two pumps are prohibited to start the operation at the same time, in order to prevent the entire line current is too large to burn the motor, resulting in undue economic losses.

(5) to check the pump into the water valve, whether the blocked by weeds. Note that the flow head to see whether the performance requirements. Once problems are identified, remove them immediately to ensure proper operation.

(6) to stop the pump pumping, you must first close the pressure valve, and then stop the operation, remove the belt. In the longer downtime when not in use, it is necessary to carefully clean up the machine, the water pump completely put the end. The machine is easy to rust the parts and parts, to be coated with protective oil to prevent the pump rust.

3 timely maintenance

(1) The use of the pump should pay attention to the process of change in the load, not overload operation, the timing of the motor current value should not exceed the motor rated current, so as to avoid burned motor overload.

(2) nuts to be twisted frequently, such as packing gland nuts, irrigation block, etc., with the appropriate specifications of the wrench and reasonable torque disassembly.

(3) machine oil seal should be clean non-solid particles, with oil-lubricated pumps, oil should be replaced once a month, lubricated with butter pump should be replaced once a year butter. It is strictly forbidden to work under dry friction.

(4) the pump does not allow a long time to run water, otherwise it will damage the water seal, resulting in water leakage, and even pumping no water. If the pump is not used for a long time, should be placed in a dry place after packaging.

(5) long-term operation of the pump, due to mechanical wear, so that the unit noise and vibration increases, then parking should be checked, if necessary, replace the wearing parts. Unit overhaul period is generally 2 years.

(6) found the fault to be promptly ruled out, should not allow the unit "sick" work. Found that the pump shaft packing wear serious, it is necessary to increase the filler, otherwise it will fill the pump shaft leak. Found that the pump violent vibration, should immediately stop inspection, check the pump shaft is bending deformation, in order to avoid security incidents.

4 failure and exclusion

Pump failure, do not busy disassembly, should be from the sound, operation, water and other conditions for comprehensive analysis, identify the cause of the failure occurred after the site for further processing. In the pump work often occurs in the following faults:

(1) the pump does not water or water shortage.

① hand pump pressure is not enough water or exhaust is not completely re-add water, exhaust;

② manual pump check valve rubber damage or debris should be replaced or removed;

③ suction pipe or pump seal is bad, should check and replace the bearing oil seal;

④ water level is too low suction limit, can reduce the pump height;

⑤ well pump is not complete, well pump should be adjusted;

⑥ suction pipe or impeller clogged with debris should be removed;

⑦ impeller ring and the pump on the day of serious wear and tear should be adjusted to replace;

⑧ low speed, should increase the speed;

⑨ impeller loose nut loose or fall off, should be fastened or replaced.

(2) pump vibration, the sound is not normal.

① The fixing screw should be tightened

② pump shaft bending, bearing wear serious or damaged, should be replaced;

③ pump with debris, should be removed;

④ coupling docking different heart, should be re-adjusted;

⑤ elastic block serious wear does not work, should be replaced.

(3) water bubbles, small lift. Check whether the suction pipe leaks, the impeller is damaged.

(4) water into the fan. The reason is the impeller ring wear serious or outlet pipe check valve damage stuck.

(5) bearing overheating.

① insufficient or deterioration of lubricating oil, should be added or replaced;

② axial gap is too small, increase the gasket, adjust the gap;

③ pump shaft bending.

(6) pump can not turn or turn not working.

① pump and power machine is not concentric, the gap does not, should be re-installed and adjusted;

② bearing stuck or damaged, should be replaced;

③ suction pump into the debris, and timely elimination.

Keywords:Small agricultural pumps, the proper use and maintenance